Dog ears come in various shapes and sizes; floppy, folded, small or large.
Unlike humans, a dog's ears are a central feature of the dog's face.
It takes around 18 muscles to rotate, raise, tilt and lower their ears.
They can even move them independently, and any dog owner knows how ear movement can add to your dog's facial expression.
Dog ear muscles work hard to serve two essential purposes: hearing and communication.
While they often look cute and one of the favorite parts for the dog owner to play with, there are a few things pet owners must know about dog ears, how to care for them, and things not to do.
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Dog Ears: Everything You Must Know
Dog ears are an essential part of a dog's body language and are even more important in reading your pet's mood than his tail.
When your dog is interested, his ears will perk up, or when she is sad, she might droop her ears, and of course, if your dog feels threatened, her ears will be flat against her head. Dog ears that are forward mean your dog is paying close attention to something or may also be aggressive.
That is why it is a good idea to read other body language clues to gauge the mood of your or other dogs.
But other than showing a Fido's mood, dog ears are also remarkable hearing devices, so much so that when you are fast asleep at night, it is still noisy for your dog because he hears the smallest sounds.
It sounds you don't even realize exists. Your dog's ears are far more sensitive than human ears and are capable of hearing at a higher frequency. This is how and why dog whistles work only on dogs.
While the nose is their primary tool of sense, ears are the second. Dogs actually rely on their ears more than on their eyesight.
They turn their heads to locate the source of a sound and rotate their ears to precisely target the origins of what might be an intruder, a rodent, or a visitor's car pulling up in the driveway.
Dog Ear Types
Bat Ears
Bat ears come from breeds like the french bulldog.
Blunt Ears
Blunt ears are ears that have a rounded tip at the top. As you can see from the image above that the ears stand straight up.
Button Ears
Button ears are slightly upright but hang over. Pugs also have ears like this. You could argue this is similar to semi-prick ears.
Drop Ears
Drop ears are large long floppy ears that hang down completely.
Dogs like the basset hound, beagles, and cocker spaniels both have drop ears.
Prick ears
Prick ears stand upright.
Dogs like Siberian huskies and Malamutes have ears like this.
Rose Ears
Rose ears are similar to button ears, except they fold backwards.
Great examples are dogs like Greyhounds and Dachshunds.
Semi Prick ears
Semi-prick is exactly what it sounds like. They are semi upright. Right before the tip of the ear they fold over.
V Shaped Ears
These are ears are easy to spot. They fold over and have a v shape to them. Labrador and Golden Retrievers have v-shaped ears.
Fun Facts About Dog Ears
Here are 9 interesting facts before we look at how you should care for your dog's ears:
1. Your dog's ears are important for balance. Suppose your dog is unsteady on his feet, head to the vet.
Inner ear infections cause loss of balance.
2. a dog can indeed hear things we can't, but scientists say dogs can only discriminate resolutions of about one-third of an octave.
Humans can discriminate resolutions as fine as one-twelfth of an octave. Also, the frequency of sound your dog can hear might be higher than what you can but is not as high as what a cat hears.
3. Your dog's ear canal is L-shaped.
This means it runs vertical toward the jaw, then takes a 45-degree turn horizontally toward the eardrum.
As you can imagine, this makes examination a challenge.
This structure is also one of the reasons why dogs are prone to ear issues. (More on this later)
4. Dogs have the ability to filter out certain sounds and tune into others. For example, your dog will notice the sound of her food bowl being filled over the sound of the TV or other noises.
5. Puppies are born deaf.
6. Some breeds, for example, Dalmatians, are prone to hearing issues, and congenital deafness has been reported in up to 85 breeds.
7. German Shepherds and other working breeds were bred to be on the lookout for trouble. Their hearing may not differ much from other breeds, but they will choose to listen more attentively due to the jobs they've been bred to do.
For example, a Collie protecting a flock from predators uses his hearing as his first line of defense.
8. A Bloodhound named Tigger from St. Joseph, Ill., holds the Guinness Book of World Records' title for the dog with the longest ears.
Tigger's right and left ears measure 13,75 and 13,5 inches, respectively. The purpose of those very long ears is to help the direct scent to the Bloodhound's nose.
9. Pete Scheifele, a University of Cincinnati researcher and the director of UC's Bioacoustics and Canine Audiology Clinic, is developing a hearing aid for dogs.
To Clean or Not to Clean Dog Ears
Because of the importance of your dog's ears, they require attention and care to prevent simple problems.
Taking care of your dog's ears is a relatively simple part of canine care.
Still, according to veterinarians, ear infections are one of the most misunderstood problems in dogs, and ear cleaning can quickly be done in excess, causing more problems than solutions.
“I SOMETIMES COMPARE CANINE EARS TO A FLUSHING TOILET. YOU FLUSH THE TOILET AND THE WATER RETURNS TO THE SAME LEVEL AS BEFORE.
WHEN YOU FLUSH YOUR DOG'S EARS, IN A FEW DAYS WAX AND DISCHARGE BUILDS UP AGAIN TO THE SAME DEGREE AS BEFORE,“ SAYS DR. DOBIAS IN ONE OF HIS ONLINE BLOGS ABOUT DOG EARS.
Some jokingly write that wolves and other canines in the wild do not come to the world with a nanny to clean their ears.
Their ears are self-cleaning.
While cleaning dog ears is sometimes necessary, frequent ear cleanings can become a problem.
Vets mention some damage it does to your dog's ears if you clean your dog's ears regularly:
- It disturbs the healthy flora of the ear and increases the likelihood of an infection.
- Frequent dog ear cleaning can cause yeast overgrowth. Yeast is present in every dog's ear canal, but it is held in check by a varied population of beneficial bacteria in a healthy ear.
- Yeast infections are also more likely to happen in dogs on carbohydrate and grain-rich foods.
- Repeated dog ear washing causes irritation and inflammation, and most cleaning solutions have chlorhexidine, an antibacterial soap, which irritates the ear further.
Chronic and incurable ear infections have an underlying cause that needs to be identified to stop reoccurring infections and safeguard your dog against hearing loss.
When dog ears are inflamed, it's usually a simple signal that there are problems with your pet's hearing device, such as cervical spine misalignment, collar injuries, digestive tract imbalances, and lumbar spine injuries.
Cleaning your dog's ears without addressing the core cause elsewhere in the body will, according to veterinarians, lead to your dog's health gradually deteriorating and their ear problems becoming chronic.
However, other factors may cause infection in your dog's ears.
According to studies, the majority can be attributed to:
- Allergies
- Dog ear mites
- Foreign bodies, such as grass or seeds
- Microorganisms, such as bacteria and yeast
- Trauma to the ear, such as a blow that leads to swelling
- Hormone problems, such as hypothyroidism
- Excess moisture in the ear
- Immune or hereditary conditions
- Tumors
A GUIDE: How To Clean Dog's Ears 101 – A Step-by-Step Video Guide
Taking a Closer Look at Cleaning Your Dog's Ears
It is normal to see the light brown secretion in your dog's ear canal as your dog's ears are largely self-cleaning.
The wax helps to protect sensitive parts of canine ears.
However, if you notice the amount of wax in your dog's ear is more than usual, it could be a sign of trouble and means it is time for you to get to the source of the irritation.
Following the veterinarian's advice, it might be a good time to take your dog to the vet to find the underlying cause.
Signs, other than excessive wax, showing that you need to take your pet to the vet, include:
- Oozing or discharge
- Inflammation and/or swelling
- Excessive scratching
- Violent head shaking
- Bleeding
- Blood blisters on the ear flap
- Unwillingness to allow examination due to pain
If, upon examination, your vet discovers ear mites in the dog (usually brown or black ear wax resembling coffee grounds) as the cause of your dog's ear canal problems, your dog will receive treatment that will last for a month.
These little critters are highly contagious and very difficult to get rid of. That is why it is essential to complete the treatment, or the infestation will return.
Dog ear mites will also escape to other parts of the body when treatment begins, causing itching and scratching all over.
Don't be alarmed.
Just be sure to complete the treatment given by your vet. It is also advisable to bathe your dog weekly for four weeks using a pyrethrins-based flea shampoo and/or flea powder.
You can breathe a sigh of relief as most mites don't live long without your dog as a host.
Prevent Dog Ear Problems
A dry ear is a healthy ear. When your dog's ears are damp, either from bathing or swimming, they are the perfect breeding ground for fungus or bacteria.
Dogs with ears hanging down are even more at risk for infection as the chances of the ears drying out naturally are small.
It is advisable to place cotton balls in your dog's ears before bathing him and to dry him thoroughly after a swim.
You can also get an ear-drying solution from your vet to help evaporate any water trapped in your dog's ear canal.
Cleaning the dog's ears with specially made dog ear cleaners can also be a way of doing it.
Take a cotton ball and put ear cleaning solution on it and gently massage around and in the ear canals.
Remember to maintain the microflora in your dog's ears. Balanced flora in a canine's ear canal, similar to in their gut, will prevent any nasty pathogens from growing and spreading.
It's a good idea to get to know your dog's ears by checking them regularly. Once you know what your dog's ears should look like, it will be easy to spot any problems like a possible ear infection or worse.
Some breeds, such as those with long droopy ears, are more prone to ear problems and may need more frequent ear care.
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Dog Ear Cleaning Dos and Don'ts
If you've been to the vet and ruled out any underlying causes of dog ear infections and want to make cleaning your dog's ears part of your grooming routine, follow these easy tips:
- Gently wipe the skin inside the ear with a cloth dampened with mineral oil or an ear cleaning solution for dogs. Oct-Clens and Epi-Otic are available at most pet stores.
- It is important to make sure the solution does not drip into the ear.
Don't probe deeper than a half-inch into the ear canal. Going too deep can damage the eardrum. See the above video for a better explanation and read the full dog ear guide.
Don't use:
- Alcohol will irritate the skin and cause pain.
- Q-tips (unless you really know how to do it)
- Water
- A syringe
Also, keep in mind that dogs don't like having their ears cleaned. As an owner, it is up to you to do everything possible to make the experience as pleasant as possible for both you and your dog.
Having someone help with dog ear cleaning will make it easier. Your helper can give treats while you are cleaning your dog's ear.
If your dog does seem stressed, wait for a few minutes before trying again. Punishment of any kind is a big no-no as this will cause a negative association with ear cleaning.
Common Questions about Dogs Ears
From how to clean your dog's ears to questions about your dog's hearing, it is natural to have questions about your dogs' ears. The following should clear up any lingering doubts you have.
What do Your Dogs' Ears tell You?
You can look at how your dog appears to get a good idea of how he feels. This includes looking at his ears. Erect ears that are just pointing up but seem relaxed show that your pup is friendly, calm, and relaxed.
If the ears are still relaxed but slightly forward, this means he is alert.
What Is the Brown Stuff in My Dog's Ears?
If you notice brown stuff, this may indicate ear disease. The ear discharge may also be reddish, yellow, or waxy. Specifically, this can indicate an ear infection affecting the middle ear or inner ear.
These infections can occur from mites, overproducing ear wax, allergies, polyps, or being in the water too frequently. You can prevent ear infections by minimizing your dog's time in the water.
Or ensure his middle ear is dry after swimming or baths.
Do Dogs Use Their Ears for Balance?
Yes! Like humans, any veterinary medicine specialist will tell you that dogs use their ears to help with balance. If your pup seems wobbly, visit the vet.
The vet may ask if you notice discharge and examine one ear, both ears, the eustachian tube, the dog's head, or the short ear canal.
He may suggest keeping your dog's ears clean and gently massaging them. They will likely explain how to clean your dog's ears with a cotton ball soaked in medicine or home remedies.
What Do Dog Ear Mites Look Like?
Ear mites are microscopic. You can barely see them with your naked eye, but you may spot some white dots. Most vets will need to use a microscope to see them.
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